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SELECT 
  cscart_ult_product_prices.product_id, 
  MIN(
    IF(
      cscart_ult_product_prices.percentage_discount = 0, 
      cscart_ult_product_prices.price, 
      cscart_ult_product_prices.price - (
        cscart_ult_product_prices.price * cscart_ult_product_prices.percentage_discount
      )/ 100
    )
  ) AS price 
FROM 
  cscart_ult_product_prices 
WHERE 
  cscart_ult_product_prices.product_id IN (
    51514, 51520, 51538, 51468, 51476, 51503, 
    51539, 51541, 51491, 51492, 51513, 
    51522, 51499, 51474, 51515, 51502, 
    51509, 51519, 51524, 51466, 51512, 
    51518, 51465, 51508, 51485, 51550, 
    51528, 51504, 51439, 51527, 51511, 
    51482, 51046, 51543, 51505, 51542, 
    51493, 51546, 51548, 51438, 51544, 
    51535, 51054
  ) 
  AND cscart_ult_product_prices.lower_limit = 1 
  AND cscart_ult_product_prices.company_id = 1 
  AND cscart_ult_product_prices.usergroup_id IN (0, 0, 1) 
GROUP BY 
  cscart_ult_product_prices.product_id

Query time 0.00030

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "message": "no matching row in const table"
  }
}