SELECT 
  product_id, 
  amount 
FROM 
  cscart_warehouses_sum_products_amount 
WHERE 
  1 
  AND product_id IN (
    51033, 51042, 51030, 51032, 51037, 51064, 
    51070, 51426, 51038, 51050, 51052, 
    51059, 51065, 51066, 51023, 51055
  )

Query time 0.00044

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "17.06"
    },
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_warehouses_sum_products_amount",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": [
        "PRIMARY"
      ],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "used_key_parts": [
        "product_id"
      ],
      "key_length": "3",
      "rows_examined_per_scan": 29,
      "rows_produced_per_join": 29,
      "filtered": "100.00",
      "index_condition": "(`test_uchur_k`.`cscart_warehouses_sum_products_amount`.`product_id` in (51033,51042,51030,51032,51037,51064,51070,51426,51038,51050,51052,51059,51065,51066,51023,51055))",
      "cost_info": {
        "read_cost": "14.16",
        "eval_cost": "2.90",
        "prefix_cost": "17.06",
        "data_read_per_join": "464"
      },
      "used_columns": [
        "product_id",
        "amount"
      ]
    }
  }
}