SELECT 
  product_id, 
  amount 
FROM 
  cscart_warehouses_sum_products_amount 
WHERE 
  1 
  AND product_id IN (
    12, 32, 7, 35, 130, 110, 33, 34, 36, 147, 
    16, 114, 89, 128, 146, 84
  )

Query time 0.00054

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "19.31"
    },
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_warehouses_sum_products_amount",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": [
        "PRIMARY"
      ],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "used_key_parts": [
        "product_id"
      ],
      "key_length": "3",
      "rows_examined_per_scan": 34,
      "rows_produced_per_join": 34,
      "filtered": "100.00",
      "index_condition": "(`test_uchur_k`.`cscart_warehouses_sum_products_amount`.`product_id` in (12,32,7,35,130,110,33,34,36,147,16,114,89,128,146,84))",
      "cost_info": {
        "read_cost": "15.91",
        "eval_cost": "3.40",
        "prefix_cost": "19.31",
        "data_read_per_join": "544"
      },
      "used_columns": [
        "product_id",
        "amount"
      ]
    }
  }
}

Result

product_id amount
7 2
7 2
12 3
12 3
16 23
16 23
32 1
32 1
33 2
33 2
34 3
34 3
35 3
35 3
36 3
36 3
84 18
84 18
89 8
89 8
110 3
110 3
114 25
114 25
128 3
128 3
130 2
130 2
146 4
146 4
147 2
147 2