SELECT 
  product_id, 
  amount 
FROM 
  cscart_warehouses_sum_products_amount 
WHERE 
  1 
  AND product_id IN (
    34, 16, 147, 36, 87, 89, 114, 128, 96, 66, 
    146, 20, 52, 84, 19, 109
  )

Query time 0.00051

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "18.41"
    },
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_warehouses_sum_products_amount",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": [
        "PRIMARY"
      ],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "used_key_parts": [
        "product_id"
      ],
      "key_length": "3",
      "rows_examined_per_scan": 32,
      "rows_produced_per_join": 32,
      "filtered": "100.00",
      "index_condition": "(`test_uchur_k`.`cscart_warehouses_sum_products_amount`.`product_id` in (34,16,147,36,87,89,114,128,96,66,146,20,52,84,19,109))",
      "cost_info": {
        "read_cost": "15.21",
        "eval_cost": "3.20",
        "prefix_cost": "18.41",
        "data_read_per_join": "512"
      },
      "used_columns": [
        "product_id",
        "amount"
      ]
    }
  }
}

Result

product_id amount
16 23
16 23
19 3
19 3
20 2
20 2
34 3
34 3
36 3
36 3
52 2
52 2
66 9
66 9
84 18
84 18
87 9
87 9
89 8
89 8
96 4
96 4
109 3
109 3
114 25
114 25
128 3
128 3
146 4
146 4
147 2
147 2