SELECT 
  product_id, 
  amount 
FROM 
  cscart_warehouses_destination_products_amount 
WHERE 
  product_id IN (
    18516, 51007, 51004, 51005, 51010, 51008, 
    51012, 51011, 51013, 51006, 51015, 
    51016, 51021, 51017, 51018, 51019, 
    51024, 51014, 51022, 51422, 51045, 
    51440, 51025, 51424, 51442, 51029, 
    51429, 51436, 51060, 51423, 51020, 
    51430, 51027, 51433, 51063, 51067, 
    51026, 51031, 51062, 51435, 51035, 
    51028, 51441, 51425, 51431, 51033, 
    51432, 51041, 51434, 51030, 51032, 
    51042, 51037, 51059, 51065, 51066, 
    51061, 51064, 51070, 51426, 51038, 
    51050, 51052, 51023
  ) 
  AND destination_id = 116 
  AND storefront_id = 1

Query time 0.00065

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "44.81"
    },
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_warehouses_destination_products_amount",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": [
        "PRIMARY",
        "idx_storefront_id"
      ],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "used_key_parts": [
        "product_id",
        "destination_id",
        "storefront_id"
      ],
      "key_length": "9",
      "rows_examined_per_scan": 64,
      "rows_produced_per_join": 64,
      "filtered": "100.00",
      "index_condition": "((`test_uchur_k`.`cscart_warehouses_destination_products_amount`.`storefront_id` = 1) and (`test_uchur_k`.`cscart_warehouses_destination_products_amount`.`destination_id` = 116) and (`test_uchur_k`.`cscart_warehouses_destination_products_amount`.`product_id` in (18516,51007,51004,51005,51010,51008,51012,51011,51013,51006,51015,51016,51021,51017,51018,51019,51024,51014,51022,51422,51045,51440,51025,51424,51442,51029,51429,51436,51060,51423,51020,51430,51027,51433,51063,51067,51026,51031,51062,51435,51035,51028,51441,51425,51431,51033,51432,51041,51434,51030,51032,51042,51037,51059,51065,51066,51061,51064,51070,51426,51038,51050,51052,51023)))",
      "cost_info": {
        "read_cost": "38.41",
        "eval_cost": "6.40",
        "prefix_cost": "44.81",
        "data_read_per_join": "1024"
      },
      "used_columns": [
        "destination_id",
        "storefront_id",
        "product_id",
        "amount"
      ]
    }
  }
}