SELECT 
  product_id, 
  amount 
FROM 
  cscart_warehouses_sum_products_amount 
WHERE 
  1 
  AND product_id IN (
    110, 114, 34, 77, 147, 36, 87, 128, 96, 
    20, 52, 84, 118, 109, 66, 131
  )

Query time 0.00041

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "17.51"
    },
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_warehouses_sum_products_amount",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": [
        "PRIMARY"
      ],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "used_key_parts": [
        "product_id"
      ],
      "key_length": "3",
      "rows_examined_per_scan": 30,
      "rows_produced_per_join": 30,
      "filtered": "100.00",
      "index_condition": "(`test_uchur_k`.`cscart_warehouses_sum_products_amount`.`product_id` in (110,114,34,77,147,36,87,128,96,20,52,84,118,109,66,131))",
      "cost_info": {
        "read_cost": "14.51",
        "eval_cost": "3.00",
        "prefix_cost": "17.51",
        "data_read_per_join": "480"
      },
      "used_columns": [
        "product_id",
        "amount"
      ]
    }
  }
}

Result

product_id amount
20 2
20 2
34 3
34 3
36 3
36 3
52 2
52 2
66 9
66 9
77 3
77 3
84 18
84 18
87 9
87 9
96 4
96 4
109 3
109 3
110 3
110 3
114 25
114 25
118 20
118 20
128 3
128 3
131 2
131 2
147 2
147 2