SELECT 
  product_id, 
  amount 
FROM 
  cscart_warehouses_sum_products_amount 
WHERE 
  1 
  AND product_id IN (
    54, 132, 10, 93, 12, 32, 7, 130, 35, 16, 
    112, 3, 78, 33, 89, 2
  )

Query time 0.00052

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "20.21"
    },
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_warehouses_sum_products_amount",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": [
        "PRIMARY"
      ],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "used_key_parts": [
        "product_id"
      ],
      "key_length": "3",
      "rows_examined_per_scan": 36,
      "rows_produced_per_join": 36,
      "filtered": "100.00",
      "index_condition": "(`test_uchur_k`.`cscart_warehouses_sum_products_amount`.`product_id` in (54,132,10,93,12,32,7,130,35,16,112,3,78,33,89,2))",
      "cost_info": {
        "read_cost": "16.61",
        "eval_cost": "3.60",
        "prefix_cost": "20.21",
        "data_read_per_join": "576"
      },
      "used_columns": [
        "product_id",
        "amount"
      ]
    }
  }
}

Result

product_id amount
2 120
2 120
3 8
3 8
7 2
7 2
10 38
10 38
12 3
12 3
16 23
16 23
32 1
32 1
33 2
33 2
35 3
35 3
54 3
54 3
78 3
78 3
89 8
89 8
93 1
93 1
112 10
112 10
130 2
130 2
132 53
132 53