SELECT 
  product_id, 
  amount 
FROM 
  cscart_warehouses_destination_products_amount 
WHERE 
  product_id IN (
    51165, 51164, 51163, 51162, 51161, 52, 
    51169, 51168, 51167, 51166, 90, 51171, 
    51170, 51176, 51175, 51174, 51173, 
    51172, 91, 51182, 51181, 51180, 51179, 
    51178, 51177, 93, 51183, 20, 51188, 
    51187, 51186, 51185, 51184, 51194, 
    51193, 51192, 51191, 51190, 51189, 
    19, 51201, 51200, 51199, 51198, 51197, 
    51196, 51195, 131, 51564, 51568, 51569, 
    51570, 51571, 51572, 51573, 51566, 
    51578, 51579, 51580, 51581
  ) 
  AND destination_id = 116 
  AND storefront_id = 1

Query time 0.00105

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "42.01"
    },
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_warehouses_destination_products_amount",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": [
        "PRIMARY",
        "idx_storefront_id"
      ],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "used_key_parts": [
        "product_id",
        "destination_id",
        "storefront_id"
      ],
      "key_length": "9",
      "rows_examined_per_scan": 60,
      "rows_produced_per_join": 60,
      "filtered": "100.00",
      "index_condition": "((`test_uchur_k`.`cscart_warehouses_destination_products_amount`.`storefront_id` = 1) and (`test_uchur_k`.`cscart_warehouses_destination_products_amount`.`destination_id` = 116) and (`test_uchur_k`.`cscart_warehouses_destination_products_amount`.`product_id` in (51165,51164,51163,51162,51161,52,51169,51168,51167,51166,90,51171,51170,51176,51175,51174,51173,51172,91,51182,51181,51180,51179,51178,51177,93,51183,20,51188,51187,51186,51185,51184,51194,51193,51192,51191,51190,51189,19,51201,51200,51199,51198,51197,51196,51195,131,51564,51568,51569,51570,51571,51572,51573,51566,51578,51579,51580,51581)))",
      "cost_info": {
        "read_cost": "36.01",
        "eval_cost": "6.00",
        "prefix_cost": "42.01",
        "data_read_per_join": "960"
      },
      "used_columns": [
        "destination_id",
        "storefront_id",
        "product_id",
        "amount"
      ]
    }
  }
}