SELECT 
  product_id, 
  amount 
FROM 
  cscart_warehouses_destination_products_amount 
WHERE 
  product_id IN (
    82, 51076, 51073, 51072, 51074, 51075, 
    22711, 22710, 51077, 51080, 51078, 
    51079, 51132, 51131, 51134, 51133, 
    51130, 41, 51139, 51138, 51137, 51136, 
    51135, 40, 51144, 51143, 51142, 51141, 
    51140, 39, 51146, 51145, 38, 51148, 
    51147, 51151, 51150, 51149, 37, 51169, 
    51168, 51167, 51166, 90, 51171, 51170, 
    51205, 51204, 51203, 51202, 125, 51209, 
    51208, 51207, 51206, 124, 51221, 137, 
    51224, 51223, 51222, 17, 56, 126, 51295, 
    117, 116, 115, 81, 11, 106, 58, 57, 5, 
    51349, 122, 51357, 79, 51360, 51359, 
    51358, 51361, 30, 51362, 51363, 51364, 
    51365, 31, 51366, 51367, 51368, 51369, 
    140, 51385, 51386, 51387, 51388, 51389, 
    88, 51395, 51396, 51397, 51555, 51556, 
    80, 51398, 51399
  ) 
  AND destination_id = 116 
  AND storefront_id = 1

Query time 0.00082

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "74.91"
    },
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_warehouses_destination_products_amount",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": [
        "PRIMARY",
        "idx_storefront_id"
      ],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "used_key_parts": [
        "product_id",
        "destination_id",
        "storefront_id"
      ],
      "key_length": "9",
      "rows_examined_per_scan": 107,
      "rows_produced_per_join": 107,
      "filtered": "100.00",
      "index_condition": "((`test_uchur_k`.`cscart_warehouses_destination_products_amount`.`storefront_id` = 1) and (`test_uchur_k`.`cscart_warehouses_destination_products_amount`.`destination_id` = 116) and (`test_uchur_k`.`cscart_warehouses_destination_products_amount`.`product_id` in (82,51076,51073,51072,51074,51075,22711,22710,51077,51080,51078,51079,51132,51131,51134,51133,51130,41,51139,51138,51137,51136,51135,40,51144,51143,51142,51141,51140,39,51146,51145,38,51148,51147,51151,51150,51149,37,51169,51168,51167,51166,90,51171,51170,51205,51204,51203,51202,125,51209,51208,51207,51206,124,51221,137,51224,51223,51222,17,56,126,51295,117,116,115,81,11,106,58,57,5,51349,122,51357,79,51360,51359,51358,51361,30,51362,51363,51364,51365,31,51366,51367,51368,51369,140,51385,51386,51387,51388,51389,88,51395,51396,51397,51555,51556,80,51398,51399)))",
      "cost_info": {
        "read_cost": "64.21",
        "eval_cost": "10.70",
        "prefix_cost": "74.91",
        "data_read_per_join": "1K"
      },
      "used_columns": [
        "destination_id",
        "storefront_id",
        "product_id",
        "amount"
      ]
    }
  }
}