SELECT 
  product_id, 
  amount 
FROM 
  cscart_warehouses_destination_products_amount 
WHERE 
  product_id IN (
    82, 51129, 51128, 51127, 51126, 51125, 
    48, 51139, 51138, 51137, 51136, 51135, 
    40, 51158, 51157, 51156, 53, 51160, 
    51159, 51176, 51175, 51174, 51173, 
    51172, 91, 51194, 51193, 51192, 51191, 
    51190, 51189, 19, 51246, 51245, 51244, 
    35, 51248, 51247, 17, 16, 54, 51313, 
    51312, 51314, 51311, 51310, 51323, 
    51322, 51321, 51320, 50, 51324, 105, 
    57, 51354, 51353, 43, 51361, 30, 51362, 
    51363, 51364, 51365
  ) 
  AND destination_id = 116 
  AND storefront_id = 1

Query time 0.00076

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "44.11"
    },
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_warehouses_destination_products_amount",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": [
        "PRIMARY",
        "idx_storefront_id"
      ],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "used_key_parts": [
        "product_id",
        "destination_id",
        "storefront_id"
      ],
      "key_length": "9",
      "rows_examined_per_scan": 63,
      "rows_produced_per_join": 63,
      "filtered": "100.00",
      "index_condition": "((`test_uchur_k`.`cscart_warehouses_destination_products_amount`.`storefront_id` = 1) and (`test_uchur_k`.`cscart_warehouses_destination_products_amount`.`destination_id` = 116) and (`test_uchur_k`.`cscart_warehouses_destination_products_amount`.`product_id` in (82,51129,51128,51127,51126,51125,48,51139,51138,51137,51136,51135,40,51158,51157,51156,53,51160,51159,51176,51175,51174,51173,51172,91,51194,51193,51192,51191,51190,51189,19,51246,51245,51244,35,51248,51247,17,16,54,51313,51312,51314,51311,51310,51323,51322,51321,51320,50,51324,105,57,51354,51353,43,51361,30,51362,51363,51364,51365)))",
      "cost_info": {
        "read_cost": "37.81",
        "eval_cost": "6.30",
        "prefix_cost": "44.11",
        "data_read_per_join": "1008"
      },
      "used_columns": [
        "destination_id",
        "storefront_id",
        "product_id",
        "amount"
      ]
    }
  }
}