SELECT 
  cscart_seo_names.object_id AS product_id, 
  cscart_seo_names.name AS seo_name, 
  cscart_seo_names.path AS seo_path 
FROM 
  cscart_seo_names 
WHERE 
  cscart_seo_names.object_id IN (
    51509, 51515, 51466, 51485, 51518, 51550, 
    51519, 51524, 51528, 51508, 51527, 
    51543, 51482, 51504, 51542, 51512
  ) 
  AND cscart_seo_names.type = "p" 
  AND cscart_seo_names.dispatch = "" 
  AND cscart_seo_names.lang_code = 'ru' 
  AND (
    cscart_seo_names.company_id = 1 
    OR cscart_seo_names.company_id = 0
  )

Query time 0.00104

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "22.41"
    },
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_seo_names",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": [
        "PRIMARY",
        "dispatch"
      ],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "used_key_parts": [
        "object_id",
        "type",
        "dispatch",
        "lang_code",
        "company_id"
      ],
      "key_length": "210",
      "rows_examined_per_scan": 32,
      "rows_produced_per_join": 32,
      "filtered": "100.00",
      "index_condition": "((`test_uchur_k`.`cscart_seo_names`.`object_id` in (51509,51515,51466,51485,51518,51550,51519,51524,51528,51508,51527,51543,51482,51504,51542,51512)) and (`test_uchur_k`.`cscart_seo_names`.`type` = 'p') and (`test_uchur_k`.`cscart_seo_names`.`dispatch` = '') and (`test_uchur_k`.`cscart_seo_names`.`lang_code` = 'ru') and ((`test_uchur_k`.`cscart_seo_names`.`company_id` = 1) or (`test_uchur_k`.`cscart_seo_names`.`company_id` = 0)))",
      "cost_info": {
        "read_cost": "19.21",
        "eval_cost": "3.20",
        "prefix_cost": "22.41",
        "data_read_per_join": "54K"
      },
      "used_columns": [
        "name",
        "object_id",
        "company_id",
        "type",
        "dispatch",
        "path",
        "lang_code"
      ]
    }
  }
}

Result

product_id seo_name seo_path
51466 termokruzhka-stanley-protour-0-89l-10-12981-008-kremovaya 2/3/4
51482 termos-costa-jtl-1008w-h-800-ml-cv-belyy 2/3/117
51485 termokruzhka-costa-jtl-2002k-l-620-ml-cv-chernyy 2/3/4
51504 skovoroda-hispeed-wm-gj-01 2/82/83
51508 sadzh-hispeed-kp-01-diametr-33cm 2/82/83
51509 plita-gazovaya-skladnaya-hispeed-ksl-03-cv-zelenyy 2/184/193
51512 miska-hispeed-cj-10-300ml-164-5cm 2/3/258
51515 lanchboks-hispeed-fh-02-800ml-169-56cm-alyuminievyy 2/3/258
51518 kruzhka-hispeed-tcb-01-350ml 2/3/35
51519 lampa-hispeed-gj-51-160-180lm 2/77/78
51524 sadzh-hispeed-kp-04-diametr-39cm 2/82/279
51527 chaynik-iz-aviacionnogo-alyuminiya-hispeed-lhjg-02-1-1l-15-58cm 2/3/205
51528 chaynik-iz-aviacionnogo-alyuminiya-hispeed-lhjg-03-1-5l-17-58cm 2/3/205
51542 stol-skladnoy-hispeed-2-stolika-zz-413-1505742cm-cv-chernyy 2/38/237
51543 stol-skladnoy-hispeed-zz-412-906027-52cm-cv-chernyy 2/38/237
51550 kreslo-hispeed-qsdz-270-cv-korichnevyy 2/38/79