SELECT 
  product_id, 
  amount 
FROM 
  cscart_warehouses_sum_products_amount 
WHERE 
  1 
  AND product_id IN (
    120, 62, 10, 16, 114, 118, 13, 61, 15, 9, 
    59, 123, 60, 113, 6, 14
  )

Query time 0.00043

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "18.86"
    },
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_warehouses_sum_products_amount",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": [
        "PRIMARY"
      ],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "used_key_parts": [
        "product_id"
      ],
      "key_length": "3",
      "rows_examined_per_scan": 33,
      "rows_produced_per_join": 33,
      "filtered": "100.00",
      "index_condition": "(`test_uchur_k`.`cscart_warehouses_sum_products_amount`.`product_id` in (120,62,10,16,114,118,13,61,15,9,59,123,60,113,6,14))",
      "cost_info": {
        "read_cost": "15.56",
        "eval_cost": "3.30",
        "prefix_cost": "18.86",
        "data_read_per_join": "528"
      },
      "used_columns": [
        "product_id",
        "amount"
      ]
    }
  }
}

Result

product_id amount
6 29
6 29
9 36
9 36
10 38
10 38
13 20
13 20
14 29
14 29
15 31
15 31
16 23
16 23
59 14
59 14
60 29
60 29
61 12
61 12
62 20
62 20
113 37
113 37
114 25
114 25
118 20
118 20
120 25
120 25
123 21
123 21