SELECT 
  cscart_seo_names.object_id AS product_id, 
  cscart_seo_names.name AS seo_name, 
  cscart_seo_names.path AS seo_path 
FROM 
  cscart_seo_names 
WHERE 
  cscart_seo_names.object_id IN (
    10, 16, 114, 118, 13, 61, 15, 9, 59, 123, 
    60, 113, 6, 14, 63
  ) 
  AND cscart_seo_names.type = "p" 
  AND cscart_seo_names.dispatch = "" 
  AND cscart_seo_names.lang_code = 'ru' 
  AND (
    cscart_seo_names.company_id = 1 
    OR cscart_seo_names.company_id = 0
  )

Query time 0.00048

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "21.01"
    },
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_seo_names",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": [
        "PRIMARY",
        "dispatch"
      ],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "used_key_parts": [
        "object_id",
        "type",
        "dispatch",
        "lang_code",
        "company_id"
      ],
      "key_length": "210",
      "rows_examined_per_scan": 30,
      "rows_produced_per_join": 30,
      "filtered": "100.00",
      "index_condition": "((`test_uchur_k`.`cscart_seo_names`.`object_id` in (10,16,114,118,13,61,15,9,59,123,60,113,6,14,63)) and (`test_uchur_k`.`cscart_seo_names`.`type` = 'p') and (`test_uchur_k`.`cscart_seo_names`.`dispatch` = '') and (`test_uchur_k`.`cscart_seo_names`.`lang_code` = 'ru') and ((`test_uchur_k`.`cscart_seo_names`.`company_id` = 1) or (`test_uchur_k`.`cscart_seo_names`.`company_id` = 0)))",
      "cost_info": {
        "read_cost": "18.01",
        "eval_cost": "3.00",
        "prefix_cost": "21.01",
        "data_read_per_join": "50K"
      },
      "used_columns": [
        "name",
        "object_id",
        "company_id",
        "type",
        "dispatch",
        "path",
        "lang_code"
      ]
    }
  }
}

Result

product_id seo_name seo_path
6 kepka-uchur-round-patch-cv-bezhevyy-s-setkoy 40
9 kepka-uchur-active-cv-navy 40
10 kepka-uchur-active-cv-beige 40
13 kepka-uchur-logo-cv-olive 40
14 kepka-uchur-logo-cv-black-camouflage 40
15 kepka-uchur-mid-cap-cv-taas 40
16 kepka-uchur-mid-cap-cv-saas 40
59 kepka-uchur-embossed-logo-cv-black 40
60 kepka-uchur-embossed-logo-cv-grey 40
61 kepka-uchur-raptor-camo-mesh-cv-black 40
63 shapka-bulchut-dvuhstoronnyaya-tk-polar-fleece-cv-haki-oranzhevyy 5/50/8
113 kepka-uchur-shadow-cv-black-camouflage 40
114 kepka-uchur-rove-logo-cv-olive 40
118 kepka-uchur-rubber-patch-cv-bezhevyy-s-setkoy 40
123 kepka-uchur-ranger-mesh-cap-cv-oliva 40