SELECT 
  product_id, 
  amount 
FROM 
  cscart_warehouses_destination_products_amount 
WHERE 
  product_id IN (
    51088, 51087, 22713, 51086, 51089, 51090, 
    51094, 51092, 51093, 22714, 51091, 
    51095, 51104, 51103, 22712, 51105, 
    51102, 51101, 51155, 51154, 51153, 
    51152, 21, 51158, 51157, 51156, 53, 
    51160, 51159, 51297, 51296, 139, 51300, 
    51299, 51298, 51304, 51303, 51302, 
    51301, 138, 51443, 51309, 51308, 51307, 
    51306, 51305, 129, 51318, 51317, 51316, 
    51315, 51, 51319, 51323, 51322, 51321, 
    51320, 50, 51324, 51497, 51498, 51564, 
    51568, 51569, 51570, 51571, 51572, 
    51573, 51565, 51574, 51575, 51576, 
    51577, 51566, 51578, 51579, 51580, 
    51581, 51567, 51582, 51583, 51584, 
    51585, 51586
  ) 
  AND destination_id = 116 
  AND storefront_id = 1

Query time 0.00127

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "58.81"
    },
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_warehouses_destination_products_amount",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": [
        "PRIMARY",
        "idx_storefront_id"
      ],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "used_key_parts": [
        "product_id",
        "destination_id",
        "storefront_id"
      ],
      "key_length": "9",
      "rows_examined_per_scan": 84,
      "rows_produced_per_join": 84,
      "filtered": "100.00",
      "index_condition": "((`test_uchur_k`.`cscart_warehouses_destination_products_amount`.`storefront_id` = 1) and (`test_uchur_k`.`cscart_warehouses_destination_products_amount`.`destination_id` = 116) and (`test_uchur_k`.`cscart_warehouses_destination_products_amount`.`product_id` in (51088,51087,22713,51086,51089,51090,51094,51092,51093,22714,51091,51095,51104,51103,22712,51105,51102,51101,51155,51154,51153,51152,21,51158,51157,51156,53,51160,51159,51297,51296,139,51300,51299,51298,51304,51303,51302,51301,138,51443,51309,51308,51307,51306,51305,129,51318,51317,51316,51315,51,51319,51323,51322,51321,51320,50,51324,51497,51498,51564,51568,51569,51570,51571,51572,51573,51565,51574,51575,51576,51577,51566,51578,51579,51580,51581,51567,51582,51583,51584,51585,51586)))",
      "cost_info": {
        "read_cost": "50.41",
        "eval_cost": "8.40",
        "prefix_cost": "58.81",
        "data_read_per_join": "1K"
      },
      "used_columns": [
        "destination_id",
        "storefront_id",
        "product_id",
        "amount"
      ]
    }
  }
}